Contrast the factors a qualitative Essay Example for Free

Contrast the factors a soft EssayThere is no hard and fast rule when it comes to the sizing of the sample used in a study, and there are many aspects to take into consideration. Contrast the factors a qualitative and quantitative researcher must consider when determining the sample size. How does the sample size impact the study? Quantitative researchers seek to select samples that will leave alone them to achieve statistical conclusion validity and to generalize their results (Polit 2012, p. 273). And as our text reminds us there is no simple formula to tell you how large a sample is needed for a study. The general recommendation our text gives us is the largest sample size possible. The larger sample size that is used increases the validity of the research. So in turn the smaller the sample size for either study increases the sampling error. The researcher should comparing characteristics of the study in relation to the variable, dependent and independent. The size for most studies depends on the magnitude of the expected effect size, which is usually quantified by a relative risk, odds ratio, absolute risk contrast, hazard ratio, or difference between two means or medians.The smaller the true-effect size, the larger the study needs to be (Hackshaw, 2008, p. 1141). References Hackshaw, A. (2008, November 1, 2008). Small studies strengths and limitations. European Respiratory Journal, 32(5), 1141-1145. http//dx. doi. org/10. 1183/09031936. 00136408 This discussion will spread around the topic of delay. In quantitative studies, control is an important issue. What does control mean in research? Why is it important? What do you think is meant by controlling intrinsic and extrinsic variables? Give examples of effective ways to control variables in quantitative research.In qualitative research In research control is a variable in a study that usually remains constant. This variable is what the study results are compared to. This control is what helps the researcher to know if the study was performed aright or appropriately. When we think about controlling intrinsic and extrinsic variables first we must know what these things are. By definition extrinsic means (Dictionary. com, 2013) being extracurricular a thing outward or external operating or coming from without. Intrinsic means belonging to a thing by its genuinely nature.

Post-insertion Catheter Care Audit

Post-insertion Catheter Care AuditPortfolio Activity 1Permissions and ethics considerationsThis size up is a part of quality assurance (QA) that aim is to assess the adequacy of existing practice rough the post-insertion catheter parcel out against the standards, in order to minimize the central venous catheter related contagions (CVCRIs) in a medical ward. This QA activity entrust possesses a negligible risk (NHMRC 2015) because the data allow for be analyzed for the purpose of maintaining standards and data will not be gather beyond that which is collected routinely from the thespians (NHMRC 2014). That includes assessing nurses practice about the central venous catheter (CVC), its dressing skills, and unhurrieds CVC condition. Therefore, this audit will own more benefits than harm and will not require human research ethical committee (HREC) permission (NHMRC 2014). However, permission will be obtained from non-HREC.Informed consentThe opt-out approach will be used to recru it the participants into this audit, where the general information about this audit will be shared to both participants and their involvement. Those participants who are not willing to participate will notify the auditor otherwise their participation is presumed (NHMRC 2015a).This audit information will be posted on the building block signalise board a week before the actual audit starts. The poster will only contain the general information about the contagious disease project audit and will not specify, which infection control policy is going to assess. The reason for not disclosed all the information to participant is to obtain the true data of round practice about the CVC, because if participants get familiar with the audit aim, they will intentional started to be soak up differently (NHMRC 2015a). Moreover, before jump of the each shift, auditors will notify participants that those nurses, who are going to perform CVC dressing skills, will accompany auditors. But auditors will not permit participants to know what chance of dressing skills will be assessed. However, once audit will finish, its aim and method will be shared and posted on the unit notice board.The data about the condition of CVC and nurses dressing skills will be obtained by assessing the patients CVC grade and nurses practice about the CVC dressing on patients. Thus, auditor will besides take the verbal consent from the patients. Patients who are highly myrmecophilous on medical care or not capable of making decision, consent should be sought from participants guardian (NHMRC 2015b).Privacy and confidentialityParticipants confidentiality will be maintained (HREC 2008). The collected data will not contain any individualized identifying information about participants. Collected data will be shared, once it get analyzed without disclosing the participants name to lag, head nurse, clinical nurse instructor, manager, director of care for services and infection control committee (ICC ) in order to develop the action plan based on identified needs.While assessing the patient CVC site and nurses practice about the CVC dressing, auditor will ensure patient privacy (HREC 2008). Moreover, to maintain the patient privacy, two auditors will be selected from the ICC, from which superstar would be male and other would be female. Female auditor will assess the female patient CVC site and same goes with male auditor.Infection aver Committee (ICC)Permission will be obtained from the ICC because they have undermentioned responsibilities to manage infection control programs to monitor hospital acquire infections through frequent audits to alleviate in continuing education and ongoing training programs for HCWs to prevent and control all aspect of infections. Moreover, ethical issues about this audit will be discussed and special after ICC feedback.Nursing Director and ManagerPermission will be obtained from nursing director and manager because they are responsible for s afety and quality of their hospital laging employee satisfaction consumer satisfaction and budgeting.Head Nurse (HN)Permission will be taken from the unit HN because they have a responsibility to manage their unit to assure the quality care to all patients. Moreover, HN assists and conducts education and training programs for their unit staff.Portfolio Activity 2Barriers and Facilitators Impact on clinical practice replaceElements of practice that assist my projectThe element that will assist my project are the dominant organization culture leaders that includes the nursing directors, manager and ICC have significant impact on the ability of head nurse and clinical nurse instructor (CNI) to bring about the changes in nursing practice (Helfrich et al. 201).ICC will be involved in this audit as a stakeholder (ECDC 2013), facilitator to bring changes on staff practice and sustainability of that project. Because they areExpert in infection control field.Responsible to develop, revise and implement the infection control policies based on standard guidelines.Conducting audits to evaluate the practice and performance of health care workers with standards and participate in those activities that improve compliance by monitoring parameters with regard to process or outcome.Identifying barriers to adherence with policy and procedure, by involving health care workers.Facilitate clinical care organization to implement infection control guideline, e.g. through proper training of employees about the infection control and prevention.Unit HN and Clinical Nurse teacher (CNI) will be involved during the process of change management and sustainability of that project because both are responsible to regularly conduct the unit rounds. During the unit rounds, they will assess the staff performance and practice about the CVC on regular basis reinforce staff to follow the ICC guidelines and conduct the training session for their staff based on identifying needs particularly about t he CVC.Elements that become a barrier for my projectJeffery Pickler (2014) have identified the following barriers to become non-compliance with CVC guideline could be the cognitive and contextual factors.Cognitive barriersNurses are working with the many competing priorities of patient needs that lead them to prioritize their activities. Therefore, they are skipping those activities which they considered least(prenominal) important.Nurses are not following the guidelines when they do not see evidence of harm construe the rational of policys and want to waste the resources.Lack of knowledge and forgetfulness about the policy.Nurses do not wash their hands frequently, when they are continuously using patients CVC site.Contextual barriersThe organization is placing an importance to such activities that staff consider least valuable. These priorities includes aspect of documentation (staff feels that they are documenting more than providing care), frequent changes in practice, and la ck of training.Shortage of staff, resulting in taken shorts cuts.Unavailability and inaccessibility of supplies and equipments.Strategies that assist staff and sustain to change their practiceJeffery Pickler (2014) have mentioned some strategies that assist staff to change their practice are as followsCommonly supplies and equipment should be readily available. study and education about the infection control policy should be offered to all staff.User-friendly documentation system should be made.Sanitizer should be available on patients bedside.Staffing should be adequate.Other strategies stated by SA Health (2012a) SA Health (2012b) could beSurveillance and auditing programs should be frequently performed by ICC.Ongoing feedback or approximation should be given to staff to improve their practice.Ensure that online infection control policy should be accessible to all the staff or posted on the notice board.Encourage staff to use incident reporting system to notify any breeches in infection control practice.Elect the infection control nurses (ICN) from each shift that will be responsible to monitor the infection control practices in their own groups. So in this way, unit staff will start taken the responsibility to prevent and control the rate of infections from their units (Kitson Straus 2013).To conclude, this audit will only achieve its aims and significant outcome, when organization will understand the staff barriers and take some actions against those barriers, which staffs are facing at interpersonal, intrapersonal and organizational level, results in sustainability of this project.ReferencesEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2013, Core competencies for infection control and hospital hygiene professionals in the European Union, Stockholm, ECDC.Helfrich, CD, Yu-Fang, L, Sharp, ND, Sales, AE, 2009, Organizational readiness to change assessment (ORCA) Development of an instrument based on the Promoting motion on research in health services (PARIHS) framework, Implementation Science, vol. 4, no. 1.Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) 2008, Quality Assurance Guideline, viewed on 27 May 2015, http//www.newcastle.edu.au/research-and-innovation/resources/human-ethics/policies-and-guidelines?a=28875Jeffery, AD, Pickler, RH 2014, Barriers to Nurses Adherence to Central Venous Catheter Guidelines, The Journal of Nursing Administration, vol. 44, no. 7/8, pp. 429-435. internal Health and Medical Research Council 2014, ethical Considerations in Quality Assurance and Evaluation Activities, viewed 26 May 2015, https//www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/e111_ethical_considerations_in_quality_assurance_140326.pdfNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 2015, Chapter 2.1 Risk and Benefits, viewed 22 May 2015, http//www.nhmrc.gov.au/book/chapter-2-1-risk-and-benefitNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 2015a, Chapter 2.3 Qualifying or waiving conditions for consent, viewed 23 May 2015, http//www.nhmrc.gov.au/book/national-statement-ethical-conduct-human-research-2007-updated-december-2013/chapter-2-3-qualifNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 2015b, Chapter 4.4 People highly dependent on medical care who may be unable to give consent, viewed 23 May 2015, http//www.nhmrc.gov.au/book/chapter-4-4-people-highly-dependent-medical-care-who-may-be-unable-give-consentSouth Australia Health 2012a, Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) Action Plan 2012 2014, viewed 23 May 2015, http//www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/7ec93b004d4617539bc8dbf08cd2a4a7/Clinical+Directive_HAI+Action+Plan+2012-2014_Oct2012.pdf?MOD=AJPERESCACHEID=7ec93b004d4617539bc8dbf08cd2a4a7South Australia Health 2012b, Health care associated infection prevention strategical Framework, viewed 23 May 2015, http//www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/fa5710804d461a0f9c0adff08cd2a4a7/Clinical+Directive_HAI+Strategic+Framework_Oct2012.pdf?MOD=AJPERESCACHEID=fa5710804d461a0f9c0ad ff08cd2a4a7

Islamic Finance Issues With Securitization

Islamic Finance Issues With SecuritizationChapter 1INTRODUCTIONAllah has created people to grapple Him and worship Him, in observance of His due lordship and divinity. That is why Islam made devotion to Allah the primary requirement of a Muslim after the both witnesses of No matinee idol but Allah, and Mohammad is His Prophet. Transactions are part of the religious issues that a Muslim performs for the sake of Allah virtually High. Every Muslim was keen on having the best look at in transacting within their effort to get closer to Allah Most High, and to fulfill the best life structure for mankind (Does He who created not know, while He is the Subtle, the Acquainted?)1.One of the distinctive characteristics of the nature of transactions, and economy in general and Islamic economy in particular, was its ability to expand, renovate and develop. It has unique flexibility that bay window accommodate new issues and questions revolving intimately the needs of people, or the requir ements of their transactions. Financial transactions are one of the just about important aspects of daily life. They are increasingly dynamic and developing. The forms of doing such transactions are renewed and developed in accordance with juvenile life activity. One of the latest and most prominent developments was the appearance of securitization answer among the financial organizations worldwide.Lots of discussion is held at present about securitization, which means the conversion of illiquid assets to financial papers. In documentaryity, securitization is a modern financial instrument that had initially started in the US, in particular. Many American banks worked hard to securitize their debts. Even though securitization originated in the Western World, Islam does not prohibit us from benefiting from non-Muslim inventions, so long as these inventions do not contradict with the basics of Islamic law and its roots. Interestingly, Islam was ahead of the West in using the secur itization as a document to prove round right. Al-Nawawi discussed this issue, and declared As-Sukak is a plural of Sak it is a written document in proof of a debt. The plural can also be Sukuk . It refers to the document issued by a guardian ordering provisions, of food or others, to entitled holders. The holder may sell this document to others before getting the prescribed provisions (Al-Nawawi, Abu-Zakariyya Yahya M. 1971) 43.In securitization, superfluous innovation social club is one of the important components of such dish out. This type of participation appears with the securitization process, and plays a critical mathematical function in that process. Accordingly, in this dissertation the research worker endeavors to know the legal position of such a friendship and to identify the legal Islamic ruling related to such a company ground on its nature, function and relationship with other components of the securitization process.THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDYThis topic has its own scientific and practical importance from a scientific perspective. The special decide company (SPC) is slake a hot topic under discussion. The major issue relates to its legal position in the Islamic law. There are still controversy around its nature and function. Securitization is one of the troubling issues around the world.From a practical perspective, the investigator posits that the concept of securitization in general and special purpose company in particular has entered all aspects of economic and societal life, while related transactions run through spread in many countries, and hence become part-and-parcel of around banking financial instruments . Accordingly, knowledge of the concept of this type of company and its function becomes a communal obligation on every Muslim. Muslims should be well informed about such type of companies. If they are legally permissible, then he can deal with them with confidence otherwise, a Muslim should turn away from such a c ompany so long as he has the option. In case Muslims find that they are legally prohibited and find themselves forced to deal with them, the least(prenominal) they can do is express their discontent of such sort of companies or hold an ideology of rejecting them.This process of inquiry into business-related legal matters is a essential in a Muslims life. This commitment cannot happen without the knowledge of the Islamic position of everything a Muslim deals with in his/her life, even where he/she does not have the option.THE RESEARCH QUESTIONSThe research question lies down in presenting the concept of the special purpose company, and bespeaks its impact on the issuance of Islamic financial products and more specifically Sukuk. The researcher will try in this dissertation to answer the following questionsFirst What is the special purpose company, and what are the reasons behind its appearance?Second What are the characteristics of the special purpose company, and what are its typ es?Third What is securitization, its pillars and importance?Fourth What is the importance of the special purpose company in the securitization process?Fifth What function does the special purpose company play in the securitization process and the structuring of Islamic Financial products?Sixth What is the legal jurisprudence and Shariah objective position on the special purpose company?THE GOALS OF THE STUDYIn accordance with the above, I have selected this topic in order to achieve certain goals, the most important of which areTo learn the concept of the special purpose company and the reasons behind its emergence.To expose the characteristics of the special purpose company and its types.To exert best effort to research the concept of the securitization process, and show its importance and major financing components.To show the importance of the special purpose company in the securitization process.To present the jurisprudential position and Shariah objectives of the special purpo se company (SPC) in modern Islamic finance products structuring.PREVIOUS STUDIESAs the topic is still rather new, I could not put my hands on roughly in-depth scientific research on the subject, except some on securitization and SPV in general. The most important of these studies wereAl-Tawreeq wa Mada Ahmmiyatahu fi Dhil Qanoon Al-Rahn Al-Aqari Translated as Securitization and its importance in relation to the material estate mortgage (Al-Hijazi, Obaid Ali Ahmad 2001) 44. The author defined securitization, its components, development and importance. The author has briefly revealed the role of special purpose companies in the securitization process. The dissertation was limited to some restricted real estate application and lacks the Shariah viewpoint.Dawr Al-Sukuk Al-Islamiyah Fi Tamweel Al-Mashrooat Al-Tanmawiyah Translated as The role of Islamic Sukuk in financing development projects ( Mohammed Saleh and Fath- Al-Rahman Ali, 2008),. This research, presented at the Islamic Bank ing Symposium, cover the concept of Islamic securitization and its role in mobilizing financial re ancestors in order to finance development projects. It also covered the risks inherited in these sukuk and how to manage them. The author has briefly touched on the relationship arrangement among the parties to these Sukuk. The dissertation was more specific to the Sukuk from Shariah viewpoint and did not discuss the SPV role in these structures.Al-Tawriq wa Baqiyat Adawat Al-Suyoolah li-sook Al-Islamiyah Securitization and the rest of liquidity instruments for Islamic market (Malaekah, Saleh 2005). This assume has touched on the concept of securitization and its Islamic ruling. It has further touched on the role of Al-Tawfeeq and Al-Ameen companies in the field of mutual funds securitization. At the end of the study, the researcher elaborated on some of the securitization problems. The study lacks in-depth analysis to the modern practice in todays contemporary Islamic banking product s.Al-Sukuk Al-Isalamiyah wa Tatbeeqatiha Al-Moasirah wa Tadawuliha Islamic Securitization, and its modern applications and trading (Muheisen, Fouad Mohammed Ahmad 2009). The researcher expounded therein on the securitization concept, its goals, motives, and the jurisprudential rules for contemporary securitization process together with its Islamic legal controls. Also, the researcher showed the parties to securitization process, and made a comparison between the tralatitious securitizations and Islamic ones but lacks the analysis of the SPV role in the Sukuk Structures.Al-Taskik wa Dawruhu fi Sooq Maliyah Islamiyah Securitization and its role in the development of an Islamic Financial Market (Bani Amer, Zaherah Ali Mohammed 2008). In this study, the researcher elaborated on the concept of international markets and traditional securitization and its components. The researcher also presented Islamic securitization in a good way in this study.1.5.1 What makes this study different?In g eneral, former studies were concerned with historical precedence, details and comments on the securitization process in order to understand its nature, and made a comparison between traditional and Islamic securitization. No study has dealt with the concept of the special purpose company, whether from a conceptual and advantageous perspective or from jurisprudential perspective in relation to other parties to the securitization process in contemporary Islamic Finance. This dissertation is different from previous studies on the following groundsIn terms of completeness, this dissertation is more comprehensive and has covered the shortfalls in some of the previous studies, by handling the concept of the special purpose company, its characteristics and nature.In terms of categorization, this dissertation presented different layout of the research components so as to accommodate the Islamic legal position together with the jurisprudential referencing for the special purpose company, in terms of its relationship with other parties to the securitization process, which is common among countries where this structure is organism practiced at present. That would make this dissertation very distinctive from other previous studies.1.6 MethodologyThis dissertation assumed an inductive research method in data collection. Further, the dissertation assumed the analytical method for investigation, presentation and formulation, all the way through the conclusion about the concept of the special purpose company and its impact on securitization.1.7 The Research PlanThis dissertation covered an introduction, five chapters and the conclusion chapter six.CHAPTER ONE Introduction It covered the importance of this dissertation, its objectives, methodology, previous studies and the research plan.CHAPTER 2 The attach to Literature The Company in Islamic Jurisprudence and Man-made Law. It falls into two partsPart One The Concept of Company in Islamic Jurisprudence piece One The Defini tion of CompanySection ii Legality of a CompanySection one-third Categories of Companies Communal Companies, proportion Companies, and Contractual CompaniesPart Two The Concept of Company in the Man-made LawSection One The Company by Its General ConceptSection Two The Company by Its ObjectiveSection Three The Company by Its Business and ActivitiesSection Four The Company by Its Relationship to other(a) CompaniesCHAPTER THREE SPECIAL PURPOSE partnership (SPC) ROLE IN FINANCE What is the superfluous Purpose Company and Its role in finance? It falls into two partsPart One Definition of the surplus Purpose Company, Its Development and Reasons behind Its AppearanceSection One Definition of Special Purpose CompanySection Two Development of Special Purpose CompanySection Three Reasons behind the Appearance of Special Purpose Company, and the Need for ItPart Two Characteristics of Special Purpose Company, and Its TypesSection One Types of Special Purpose CompanySection Two Nature of Special Purpose Company and Its CharacteristicsSection Three The Accounting surgical process for the Special Purpose CompanyCHAPTER FOUR LEGAL AND SHARIAH FRAMEWORK FOR SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPANY IN ISLAMIC FINANCE It explains the Securitization Process and the grandness of Special Purpose Company for Securitization in contemporary Islamic Finance. It covers six partsPart One The Concept of SecuritizationPart Two The Pillars of Securitization, Its Importance and ComponentsPart Three Types of Securitization and Comparison between the Traditional Model and Islamic Model in Security IssuancePart Four Reasons and Prospects of SecuritizationPart cinque Legal Dimension (Techniques) and Accounting Dimension of SecuritizationPart SixImportance of Special Purpose Company in SecuritizationCHAPTER FIVE SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPANY (SPC) IN SUKUK STRUCTURING The Relationship between the Special Purpose Company and Sukuk Structuring and other pertinent rulings. It falls into two partsPart One The Func tion of Special Purpose Company in Traditional Securitization, and the Process of Islamic SecuritizationSection One The Function of a Special Purpose Company When Established in the Form of a CompanySection Two The Function of a Special Purpose Company When Established in the Form of Mutual blood lineSection Three The Function of a Special Purpose Company When Established in the Form of financing Contract Based on placePart Two Jurisprudential Documentation of Special Purpose CompanySection One Relationships Documentation between Parties to SecuritizationSection Two Legal Controls for the Special Purpose Company in SecuritizationSection Three Proposed Model of Special Purpose Company in Securitization ProcessCHAPTER SIX CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMNEDATIONS, AND FUTURE OUTLOOK This chapter covers the most important conclusions and recommendations.I would like to point out that any human effort is characterized by flaws and imperfections. Perfection belongs only to the Divine. Anything that is true in my writing must have come from the Gracious Lord alone whatever flaws committed must have come from myself and the devil I ask God Most High to accept this effort as sincere for His own sake. I ask God as well to make out any shortfall and fix any flaw. He is the best sponsor and best supporter. May Allah take us by our good faith and intention He is the source of success, and all praise is due to Him.1 Quran. Surat Al-Mulk (6714)

Importance of Teacher Interaction with Learners

Importance of Teacher Interaction with LearnersIn order to facilitate encyclopaedism activity in the classroom a teacher must have a clear knowledge of who learners be. In general, a learner is an soul who engage him/herself in the process of acquiring new knowledges and developing varieties of new skills. A learner merchantman be found wherever a learning process takes place between dickens persons or among a group of people. In the context of schooling a learner is a child who can be a student of primary, midst or secondary school and their utmost and primary duty is to learn.In whatever age or stage the learner is at, there are nigh learning theories which classifies the types of learning patterns and thereby the learners. It is believed that learning has no age restrictions and it begins ever since the child starts to talk and recognize. However, the theories involve the social, psychological and creative contexts.What we mete out as modernized education was first concep tualized by John Dewey in the late nineteenth century. According to him, the learning process proceeds mostly in a socio-cultural mood and provides a meaning and proper direction in developing instincts in the individual (Dewey, 1987). Albert Bandura similarly believes that learning occurs from socio-cultural observations (learning through and through observation which is also identified as observational learning) whereas scholars like Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger that learning and acquiring the knowledge from it happens at the same time when these are being practiced in communities (Lave and Wanger, 1979), and through inquiry (Garrison and Kanuka, 2004). Randy Garrison and Heather Kanuka, also had similar vision in actualization of knowledge. Paulo Freire considered learning not notwithstanding occurring from the socio-cultural context but also individuals contribution towards it.A group of psychologists in the early twentieth century proposed a behavioral approach to describe t he learning process (Stewart, 2013). Famous philosophers much(prenominal) as Ivan Pavlov and psychologist B.F. Skinner identified how habitual response or instincts are being learned by the animals using rewards or acts with certain behavior (Pavlov, 1971). behavioural theory is connected to an outcome based approach when these are being applied in the classroom. This kind of learning in most of the subject areas are implemented in Preschools. In such environment, the classes are oriented in such a way to establish certain task and the curriculum is also intentional to achieve the goal through behavioral instincts of the children.According to Jean Piaget learning starts from knowledge which is gathered by incompatible kind of experiences from the surroundings. These set of experiences can only be managed by the skills present in leaners stage in development. These theories mostly focus a series of constructivism which is defined as cognitive constructivism. This theory consider that knowledge is actuated internally on a person rather than imposed and after that it is organized into schemata, or the set of structures of individuals understanding through which an individual develops his/her sense of the universe. As soon as the schemata internally forms, understanding occurs.David Kolb had discussed on figuring out the place of various kind of learning in his proposed confirmable study of learning cycle (Kolb, 2014). He believes that learning initiates via experimental or feeling stage. This is a stage in which information is obtained from experience and then it is analyse or decoded to extract further information. The information is then spread in the public or other discussed on interpersonal domain in case of its occurrence in social environment. During the watching stage, leaners step back from the experience and start to pull out meaning from it. For accessing embedded information, the effective domain plays a vital role. It also brings out the subcon scious understanding of the information, or the thinking stage. At this stage, relevant information from though out from instincts or other sources can be entered the cognitive domain to justify the validity of the information. Afterwards, the information can be actuated into practical domain, which can be considered as the doing stage.Learners acquire polar skills and strategies to obtain result from the valuable information. This information impact system can be characterized by several cognitive approaches. It also pinches the way individual reacts to contrary type of ideas, information or experiences obtained from others. A cognitive style recognizes the way a person is focusing on certain parts (an analyst) or the aggregate of the event (a holist) or if he is engaging others using words (a verbalist) or visual effects (a visualist) (Stewart, 2013). Each type of learning types also lends themselves towards various kinds of processing mediums. A verbalist, for example, tend t o use his oral and written skills of communication to resolve a problem as an accommodator (Kolb, 2014). This also stimulates him to be an activist by the social environment (Honey and Mumford), through collecting and actuating socio-cultural knowledge as it is obtained via oral channel and social interactions as described by the Kold Biglan model. There are also classifications in the learning style, for example, learning personalities (Dilts, 1995) which reflects the way the learners will to learn, and different sorts of intelligences (Gardner, 1995) which explain the way the learners will improvise and flourish. Such intelligence can be logical, kinesthetic, musical, spatial, verbal, intrapersonal, naturalist and interpersonal. A learner does not always fall into a cognitive learning style, but reflect a combination of learning preferences to different degrees.ReferencesBandura, A., Walters, R. H. (1977). Social learning theory.Catania, A. C., Laties, V. G. (1999). PAVLOV AND S KINNER TWO LIVES IN SCIENCE (AN INTRODUCTION TO BF SKINNERS SOME RESPONSES TO THE STIMULUS PAVLOV). Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 72(3), 455-461.Dewey, J. (2007). Experience and education. Simon and Schuster.Dilts, R., Epstein, T. (1995). Dynamic learning (Vol. 426). Cupertino, CA Meta Publications.Gardner, H. (1995). Reflections on multiple intelligences Myths and messages. Phi Delta Kappan, 77(3), 200.Garrison, D. R., Kanuka, H. (2004). Blended learning Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education. The internet and higher education, 7(2), 95-105.Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential learning Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press.Piaget, J. (2000). Piagets theory of cognitive development. Childhood cognitive development The essential readings, 33-47.Sharp, D., Cole, M., Lave, C., Ginsburg, H. P., Brown, A. L., French, L. A. (1979). Education and cognitive development The evidence from experimental research. Monographs of the connection for research in child development, 1-112.Stewart, K. L., Felicetti, L. A. (1992). Learning styles of marketing majors. Educational Research Quarterly, 15(2), 15-23.

The Old Man And The Sea: The Old Man :: essays research papers

The elder Man and The Sea The Old ManAuthors use hu existencenessy tactics to reveal a characters personality. In the forgetfulstory, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, Hemingway exposes the attributes of hischaracters by narration and dialogue. The elderly hosts characteristicsare exhibited finished the servers conversations and the observations thenarrator makes. The germ cleverly associates the senior waiter with the oldman. This connection gives the earshot a clear understanding of the lonelinessand old age the waiter faces.The quondam(a) waiter in Hemingways story identifies with the old man. This isevident through the statements he makes to the younger waiter. In the beginingof the work the younger waiter is complaining intimately the old man staying at thecafe. The fourth-year waiter takes up for the old man by explaining that the old man,stays up because he ilks it (Hemingway 160). This is the initial clipping thatthe older waiter indicates that he identifies with the old mans feelings. Thisidentification becomes more apparent farther in the work. For instance, theolder waiter categorizes himself as being one, of those who likes to stay lateat the cafe(Hemingway 161). With this declaration, the older waiter placeshimself in the same group as the old man. Hemingways comparison of the old manand the waiter becomes unmistakable through the words of the older waiter.Loneliness and old age are the common bonds that the older waiter shareswith the old man. This is manifested through the dialogue between the twowaiters. For example, when the younger waiter boasts about his youth andconfidence, the older waiter jealously replies, I hire never had confidence andI am not young(Hemingway 161). The older waiter goes on further to illustratethat all he has is work. The older waiter later displays his loneliness throughhis compassion for the old man and others like himself. For instance, when theyounger waiter remarks that he wishes to go home for the n ight, the older waitersays, I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs thecafe (Hemingway 161). Through the authors comparison of the old man and theolder waiter, he reveals the waiters loneliness and desire for youth.The narration communicates the personality of the older waiter. Forexample, the narrator depicts the old waiter as, not dressed to go home(Hemingway 161). The author is implying that the older waiter will be in searchof a drinking area, much like the cafe, after the cafe closes. Similar to theold man, the older waiter does not want to go home.The Old Man And The Sea The Old Man essays research papers The Old Man and The Sea The Old ManAuthors use many tactics to reveal a characters personality. In the shortstory, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, Hemingway exposes the attributes of hischaracters through narration and dialogue. The older waiters characteristicsare exhibited through the waiters conversations and the observations thenarrator makes. T he author cleverly associates the older waiter with the oldman. This connection gives the audience a clear understanding of the lonelinessand old age the waiter faces.The older waiter in Hemingways story identifies with the old man. This isevident through the statements he makes to the younger waiter. In the beginingof the work the younger waiter is complaining about the old man staying at thecafe. The older waiter takes up for the old man by explaining that the old man,stays up because he likes it (Hemingway 160). This is the initial time thatthe older waiter indicates that he identifies with the old mans feelings. Thisidentification becomes more apparent farther in the work. For instance, theolder waiter categorizes himself as being one, of those who likes to stay lateat the cafe(Hemingway 161). With this declaration, the older waiter placeshimself in the same group as the old man. Hemingways comparison of the old manand the waiter becomes unmistakable through the words of the old er waiter.Loneliness and old age are the common bonds that the older waiter shareswith the old man. This is manifested through the dialogue between the twowaiters. For example, when the younger waiter boasts about his youth andconfidence, the older waiter jealously replies, I have never had confidence andI am not young(Hemingway 161). The older waiter goes on further to illustratethat all he has is work. The older waiter later displays his loneliness throughhis compassion for the old man and others like himself. For instance, when theyounger waiter remarks that he wishes to go home for the night, the older waitersays, I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs thecafe (Hemingway 161). Through the authors comparison of the old man and theolder waiter, he reveals the waiters loneliness and desire for youth.The narration communicates the personality of the older waiter. Forexample, the narrator depicts the old waiter as, not dressed to go home(Hemingway 161). Th e author is implying that the older waiter will be in searchof a drinking area, much like the cafe, after the cafe closes. Similar to theold man, the older waiter does not want to go home.

Loyalties in Kurt Vonnegut’s Mother Night Essay -- Mother Night

Kurt Vonneguts arrive Night is a novel that deals with the loyalties that homoform to each other, as well as things and places. However, Vonnegut does not address this issue by creating a cast of characters who are loyal and true to a particular person, place or thing instead, he places the reader in a world that is seemingly void of all sense of loyalty and trustworthiness. close to every character in this novel is on the face of it devoid of all ability to trust, and more significantly, be trusted. In his creation of this dark and uncertain world, Vonnegut is effectively emphasizing the importance of allegiances in ones life. Through characters like Howard W. Campbell, jr. and Resi Noth, among others, he proves that a life without loyalty and devotion is not a life worth living. Each character is lack the same core qualities and abilities, yet each shows thisdeficiency in a different way - by betraying a country, another person, or themselves. Because of their betrayals, eac h of them ends up miserable, in prison, or dead, with the possible exception of Frank Wirtanen. Every life in this novel is someways affected by the deceit and inability to puzzle any kind of commitment that these characters so tragically display. Howard W. Campbell, Jr., the main character of the novel, experiences the mostsevere and prejudicial lack of loyalty and coherency in his life. Howards problems begin when he agrees to become an American spy posing as a Minister of Propaganda for theNazis during military man War II. No one knows of his true personal identity except for himself and three other men therefore, everyone believes Howard to be a Nazi. At times, it seems as though Howard himself is not entirely sure whether or not he is a Naz... ... American Fiction Series, Revised Edition. Salem Press, 2000. Magill On Literature. 29 Nov. 2002. Hume, Kathryn. Vonneguts Melancholy. Philological Quarterly. 77.2 (1998) 221- 238. Klinkowitz, Jerome. Kurt Vonnegut. capital of the United Kingdom and New York Metheun, 1982. Reed, Peter J. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Dictionary of literary Biography, Volume 152 American Novelists Since World War II, Fourth Series. Bruccoli Clark Layman, 1995. 248-272. Dictionary of Literary Biography. Gale Group Databases. 27 Nov. 2002. Somer, John, and Jerome Klinkowitz, eds. The Vonnegut Statement. the States Delacorte Press/Seymour Lawrence, 1973. Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York Random House, 1966. Westbrook, Perry D. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Overview. Contemporary Novelists, 6th ed.St. James Press, 1996. Literature Resource Center. Gale Group Databases. 26 Nov. 2002. Loyalties in Kurt Vonneguts Mother Night Essay -- Mother NightKurt Vonneguts Mother Night is a novel that deals with the loyalties that humansform to each other, as well as things and places. However, Vonnegut does not address this issue by creating a cast of characters who are loyal and true to a particular person, place or thing instead, he places th e reader in a world that is seemingly void of all sense of loyalty and trustworthiness. Almost every character in this novel is apparently devoid of all ability to trust, and more significantly, be trusted. In his creation of this dark and uncertain world, Vonnegut is effectively emphasizing the importance of allegiances in ones life. Through characters like Howard W. Campbell, Jr. and Resi Noth, among others, he proves that a life without loyalty and devotion is not a life worth living. Each character is lacking the same core qualities and abilities, yet each shows thisdeficiency in a different way - by betraying a country, another person, or themselves. Because of their betrayals, each of them ends up miserable, in prison, or dead, with the possible exception of Frank Wirtanen. Every life in this novel is somehow affected by the deceit and inability to sustain any kind of commitment that these characters so tragically display. Howard W. Campbell, Jr., the main character of the nov el, experiences the mostsevere and damaging lack of loyalty and coherency in his life. Howards problems begin when he agrees to become an American spy posing as a Minister of Propaganda for theNazis during World War II. No one knows of his true identity except for himself and three other men therefore, everyone believes Howard to be a Nazi. At times, it seems as though Howard himself is not entirely sure whether or not he is a Naz... ... American Fiction Series, Revised Edition. Salem Press, 2000. Magill On Literature. 29 Nov. 2002. Hume, Kathryn. Vonneguts Melancholy. Philological Quarterly. 77.2 (1998) 221- 238. Klinkowitz, Jerome. Kurt Vonnegut. London and New York Metheun, 1982. Reed, Peter J. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 152 American Novelists Since World War II, Fourth Series. Bruccoli Clark Layman, 1995. 248-272. Dictionary of Literary Biography. Gale Group Databases. 27 Nov. 2002. Somer, John, and Jerome Klinkowitz, eds. The Vonnegut Statement. USA Delacorte Press/Seymour Lawrence, 1973. Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York Random House, 1966. Westbrook, Perry D. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Overview. Contemporary Novelists, 6th ed.St. James Press, 1996. Literature Resource Center. Gale Group Databases. 26 Nov. 2002.

Social Class in A & P by John Updike :: essays research papers

In the story, A&P by John Updike, the student identifies the differences of social classes betwixt Sammy, a checkout clerk and Queenie, a wealthy daughter that visits the store. Though not from the same class structure, Sammy is compelled to interact with the girl, that fails in doing so because she is considered privileged. As the student begins his essay, he points out that Sammy is part of the lower class structure. He is an eighteen-year-old boy who is working as a checkout clerk in an A&P in a small New England town five miles from the beach (2191). While working an afternoon shift on Thursday, he notices these girls in nothing but bathing suits (2191) enter the store. It is in this scene that the student begins to identify the differences between the group of girls and Sammy. As the student develops his essay, Sammy begins to analyze the girls to other customers in the store. From houseslaves in pin curlers to an old party in b aggy gray pants (2192 ), Sammy negatively characterizes customers in contrast to the leader of the girls, Queenie. To Sammy, the girl is someone that is not from their town. She is everything that every girl envies and wants to be. In contrast to Sammy, she will spend her summer vacationing while he spends it working. It is clear to Sammy that their worlds are different, however it is also obvious that he would like to explore hers. The story unfolds when, Lengel, the stores manager (2191) confronts the girls because they are dressed inappropriately. To Sammy, it is a moment of embarrassment and in defiance he quits his job. The student suggests that in quitting, Sammy challenges social inequality and is a person who is trying to